SoftBank in Crisis Amid Record Losses

TOKYO — His flagship tech fund is losing money. His company just posted billions in losses. And a key ally, the Chinese technology mogul Jack Ma, stepped aside.

Yet Masayoshi Son, the exuberant chief executive of the Japanese conglomerate SoftBank, mustered another spirited defense of his troubled empire on Monday, shifting from contrite to brash and back again in a performance that sought to both reassure investors and restore his own bruised reputation.

Mr. Son gave his financial presentation just hours after SoftBank announced that Mr. Ma, a co-founder of the Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba, had resigned from its board. That news was quickly followed by an earnings report describing losses that were the largest on record for any listed Japanese company, according to NHK, the Japanese public broadcaster.

SoftBank posted an operating loss of 1.36 trillion yen, or $12.7 billion, in the fiscal year that ended March 31, its first annual loss in 15 years. It reported a profit of $19.6 billion the previous year. Its net income loss was $894 million.

The dismal results were driven largely by SoftBank’s big bets on a series of technology-related companies that had once been the darlings of the start-up world. Those included WeWork, the office space company, and Uber, as well as poor showings by other companies that have been hit hard by the coronavirus pandemic.

Investors had been bracing for the results. SoftBank warned them twice that its $100 billion Vision Fund — an investment vehicle that became a major finance force in the technology world — would post a loss on the order of $16.7 billion.

The company’s losses were slightly higher than its estimates, and the Vision Fund reported a loss of $17.7 billion.

With the pandemic in mind, SoftBank joined other major corporations in declining to forecast its earnings for the coming fiscal year. Because of the virus, it said, “it remains difficult to forecast the medium-term impact on the company’s business and financial results.”

The results are a downfall for the Vision Fund, which upended the start-up investment world when it began writing large checks to young tech companies in 2017. Mr. Son was called a “one-man bubble maker” for pushing companies to supersize their ambitions while giving them enough cash to ignore the pesky chore of turning a profit. Competing venture capital firms had to raise larger funds to keep up.

During his presentation, Mr. Son refused to be drawn out about Mr. Ma’s departure, saying that Mr. Ma had made the decision on his own and that the two men “will remain friends for the rest of our lives.” Last year, Mr. Ma retired as executive chairman of Alibaba, saying he would pull back from his business endeavors to focus on philanthropy.

Mr. Son was an early investor in Alibaba. His $20 million initial stake grew to be valued at more than $100 billion, making it one of the best venture capital investments in history and among SoftBank’s most valuable holdings.

The company has used those assets as collateral to help transform itself from a telecom firm into the world’s largest and most powerful tech investor. Through the Vision Fund, financed in part with money from sovereign wealth funds in Saudi Arabia and Abu Dhabi, Mr. Son pumped enormous amounts of capital into cutting-edge and often risky start-ups, companies that he believes have the potential to effectively monopolize entire industries.

That vision was challenged last year by the spectacular implosion of WeWork over allegations of mismanagement and self-dealing. WeWork’s failed initial public offering spurred a new focus on profits over growth among start-ups. Prominent SoftBank-backed companies including the dog-walking service Wag, the robot pizza maker Zume and the car-sharing service Getaround scaled back after Mr. Son told many of them that they must become self-sufficient.

Now the coronavirus has threatened to destroy Mr. Son’s dream. It has drained huge amounts of value from SoftBank-backed companies like Uber and Oyo, the Indian hospitality company, which have proved particularly susceptible to the pandemic’s effects. On Monday, Uber laid off an additional 3,000 employees and closed 45 offices around the world, after cutting thousands of other jobs this month.

In a note to employees about the latest cuts, Uber’s chief executive, Dara Khosrowshahi, said it was time for the ride-hailing company to move on from its reliance on venture capital.

“We must establish ourselves as a self-sustaining enterprise that no longer relies on new capital or investors to keep growing, expanding and innovating,” he wrote in the email, which was seen by The New York Times.

Mr. Son has remained unbowed. Last month, SoftBank said it would sell down $41 billion of its assets to increase its cash reserves and finance an ambitious plan to buy back $23 billion of its own shares and shore up its falling stock price.

In a separate announcement on Monday, SoftBank said it would spend $4.7 billion toward that goal by the end of March 2021, doubling the amount it had already pledged in March.

The money to finance it, Mr. Son confirmed during his presentation, came in part from sales of the company’s position in Alibaba.

Shares of SoftBank in Tokyo closed up more than 1 percent Monday.

Mr. Ma’s departure from SoftBank’s board followed the exit late last year of Tadashi Yanai, the founder and president of the Japanese clothing retailer Uniqlo. Mr. Yanai, a longtime ally of Mr. Son’s, was seen as a moderating influence.

In a presentation that started with a funereal tone and ended with a breath of fire, Mr. Son defended SoftBank’s performance, switching between playing up and playing down the threat of the pandemic to the Vision Fund’s investment portfolio.

Speaking to what appeared to be an empty room, he presented a PowerPoint deck that began with a history lesson about the Great Depression before going on to quote statistics about the impact of the coronavirus on the global economy — data on everything from the drop in restaurant sales to the rise in layoffs.


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  • Frequently Asked Questions and Advice

    Updated May 20, 2020

    • What are the symptoms of coronavirus?

      Common symptoms include fever, a dry cough, fatigue and difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. Some of these symptoms overlap with those of the flu, making detection difficult, but runny noses and stuffy sinuses are less common. The C.D.C. has also added chills, muscle pain, sore throat, headache and a new loss of the sense of taste or smell as symptoms to look out for. Most people fall ill five to seven days after exposure, but symptoms may appear in as few as two days or as many as 14 days.

    • How many people have lost their jobs due to coronavirus in the U.S.?

      Over 38 million people have filed for unemployment since March. One in five who were working in February reported losing a job or being furloughed in March or the beginning of April, data from a Federal Reserve survey released on May 14 showed, and that pain was highly concentrated among low earners. Fully 39 percent of former workers living in a household earning $40,000 or less lost work, compared with 13 percent in those making more than $100,000, a Fed official said.

    • How can I protect myself while flying?

      If air travel is unavoidable, there are some steps you can take to protect yourself. Most important: Wash your hands often, and stop touching your face. If possible, choose a window seat. A study from Emory University found that during flu season, the safest place to sit on a plane is by a window, as people sitting in window seats had less contact with potentially sick people. Disinfect hard surfaces. When you get to your seat and your hands are clean, use disinfecting wipes to clean the hard surfaces at your seat like the head and arm rest, the seatbelt buckle, the remote, screen, seat back pocket and the tray table. If the seat is hard and nonporous or leather or pleather, you can wipe that down, too. (Using wipes on upholstered seats could lead to a wet seat and spreading of germs rather than killing them.)

    • Is ‘Covid toe’ a symptom of the disease?

      There is an uptick in people reporting symptoms of chilblains, which are painful red or purple lesions that typically appear in the winter on fingers or toes. The lesions are emerging as yet another symptom of infection with the new coronavirus. Chilblains are caused by inflammation in small blood vessels in reaction to cold or damp conditions, but they are usually common in the coldest winter months. Federal health officials do not include toe lesions in the list of coronavirus symptoms, but some dermatologists are pushing for a change, saying so-called Covid toe should be sufficient grounds for testing.

    • Should I wear a mask?

      The C.D.C. has recommended that all Americans wear cloth masks if they go out in public. This is a shift in federal guidance reflecting new concerns that the coronavirus is being spread by infected people who have no symptoms. Until now, the C.D.C., like the W.H.O., has advised that ordinary people don’t need to wear masks unless they are sick and coughing. Part of the reason was to preserve medical-grade masks for health care workers who desperately need them at a time when they are in continuously short supply. Masks don’t replace hand washing and social distancing.

    • What should I do if I feel sick?

      If you’ve been exposed to the coronavirus or think you have, and have a fever or symptoms like a cough or difficulty breathing, call a doctor. They should give you advice on whether you should be tested, how to get tested, and how to seek medical treatment without potentially infecting or exposing others.

    • How can I help?

      Charity Navigator, which evaluates charities using a numbers-based system, has a running list of nonprofits working in communities affected by the outbreak. You can give blood through the American Red Cross, and World Central Kitchen has stepped in to distribute meals in major cities.


One slide showed a herd of unicorns — a nickname for companies valued at $1 billion or more — running up a hill and plunging into a pit labeled “Valley of the Coronavirus.” One of them sprouted wings, an image that Mr. Son said represented how some of the Vision Fund’s investments, particularly those in the medical sector, would “lead the rebound.”

“Some of our unicorns will fly,” he added.

Returning to the subject of the Great Depression, Mr. Son asked investors to consider how that calamity had transformed the economic landscape, allowing new technologies to flourish.

“This shock from the corona outbreak will accelerate the paradigm shift toward a new era,” he said, adding that the Vision Fund’s investments were well positioned to take advantage of fundamental transformations in people’s lives, such as moving work and medicine online.

“We look forward to navigating the challenges,” he said.

Still, some of his unicorns had fallen farther than others, Mr. Son admitted. Of the 88 companies in the Vision Fund, 47 were losing money at the end of March, and the portfolio was worth about 1 percent less than the sum of money it had invested.

The situation, he said, is “not that great,” adding that it had led the company to stop seeking outside investment for a second and even larger iteration of the fund, known as Vision Fund II, announced last summer.

The humility was short-lived. As reporters peppered Mr. Son with questions about the first Vision Fund’s valuation, his characteristic fire returned.

Asked if he considered his investments a failure, Mr. Son pushed back: “I’d say it’s not too bad, considering the very poor market climate.”

The coronavirus crash was tough, he said, but he had seen worse. After the tech bubble burst in the late 1990s, he added, it was as though he were hanging from a cliff “with two fingers.” This time, he said, “compared to the past crisis, I’m just looking down at the bottom of the valley from above.”

But Mr. Son acknowledged there was still a long way to fall.

“Things will probably get worse,” he said, “but we will keep working hard to survive.”

Ben Dooley reported from Tokyo, and Erin Griffith from San Francisco. Kate Conger contributed reporting from Oakland, Calif.

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